A crypto-asset firm that treats Norway as just another corner of the EU single market is making an expensive assumption. MiCAR in Norway did not switch on when the EU rules did. The provisions binding crypto-asset service providers across the Union applied from 30 December 2024, but a firm serving Norwegian clients was governed by…
The first mistake teams make with ECB Appia is filing it under the wrong roadmap. The name surfaces in payments newsletters next to SEPA instant credit transfers and the Verification of Payee deadline, so it gets read as the next step in the retail instant payments programme. It is not. Appia, and its short-term twin…
If you issue or service a dollar-referenced stablecoin that moves across the Atlantic, the open question has always been which regulator can ask your supervisor for what, and how fast. On 2 June 2026 the European Banking Authority and the New York State Department of Financial Services answered part of it by signing the EBA-NYDFS…
A euro stablecoin looks like a payments product and behaves like one. The reporting file behind it does not. The moment an issuer puts a fiat-referenced token into circulation in the EU, it sits inside banking or e-money authorisation, and for many tokens it also picks up a quarterly supervisory return and a hard cap…
Introduction MiCAR (Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation) creates the first comprehensive regulatory framework requiring crypto-asset service providers to implement authorization, prudential reporting, transaction monitoring, and incident notification systems. The Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2023/1114) represents the first unified rulebook for crypto-asset activities across the entire European Union. For reporting teams and compliance practitioners, MiCAR…
Introduction The Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework (CARF) represents a fundamental shift in how crypto-asset transactions are reported across borders for tax purposes. Developed by the OECD and endorsed by the G20, CARF establishes a common standard for automatic exchange of information about crypto-asset transactions – similar in scope to the Common Reporting Standard (CRS) that transformed…